Archive for December, 2007

Participles

A participle is a verbal (verb form) which is used as an adjective.

There are three participles that are commonly used as adjective: the present participle(active voice); the past participle (passive voice) and the perfect participle (active voice).

* The present participle always ends in ing
* The past participle usually ends in ed, d, t, n, or en.The past participle of some of the verbs do not have distinctive endings: swum, gone, sung etc.
*The perfect participle is always formed by prefixing the word having to the past participle: having sung, having driven, having seen etc

Consider an example from GMAT Prep SC:

First discovered more than 30 years ago, Lina's sunbird, a four-and-a-half-inch animal found in the Phillippines and that resembles hummingbird, has shimmering metallic colors on its head; a brilliant orange patch, bordered with red tufts, in the center of its breast; and a red eye.

A. found in the Phillippines and that resembles
B. found in the Phillippines and that, resembling
C. found in the Phillippines and resembling
D. that is found in the Phillippines and it resembles
E. that is found in the Phillippines and that, resembling

OA : C

As we know :

Past participle ---- represents
1) a past condition, or
2) the passive voice or
3) a condition done onto the subject


Present participle ---- represents
1) a present condition, or
2) the active voice or
3) a condition performed by the subject


In the given sentence, we can clearly see that for the 1st participial phrase, the action of "found" happened in the past because Lina's sunbird was found more than 30 years ago. Further Lina's sunbird did not do any finding instead they were found by X not mentioned in the sentence so passive voice is right.

The second participial phrase starting with "resembling" implies that the "Lina's sunbird" is still resembling in the present(a present condition), so the use of present participle is better. We cannot say that the Lina's sunbird "resembled" because then this would illogically mean that they no longer resemble the humming bird.

The present and past participles are used to describe the "Lina's sunbird", they act as adjectives..

For more examples click on the link below:
GMAT Sentence Correction Questions


GRE Changes of November

GRE test takers experienced the new question types introduced this November. The introduction of new question types in the Sentence Completion and Quantitative sections was a well planned and systematic move by Education Testing Service (ETS) after their withdrawal of the proposed sudden and big changes in April 2007 worldwide.

This time the changes have been introduced in a very test-taker-friendly manner. The changes occurred in the form of at most one question each (either there will be one question of new type or none) in the Quantitative reasoning and Verbal reasoning modules of the test.

Moreover, in the initial takes (not clearly specified) of the test the new question type will not contribute to the test taker's score but the catch here is that test takers will not know when it actually started contributing to their score. In any case, it is time to get accustomed to the new types and start practicing them more often during your preparation for GRE.

Some Practice Questions for the New GRE Question Types (Verbal)

GRE Verbal: NEW* Sentence Completion

1. The company's strategy __(Blank 1)__ focusing on the changing market, establishing __(Blank 2)__ distribution partnerships, making well timed investments and developing __(Blank 3)__ product features.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Combined

Crucial

Experimental

Amalgamated

Constant

Novel

Considered

Essential

Innovative

2. Progressive business leaders welcome constructive __(Blank 1)__ as a __(Blank 2)__ that leads to __(Blank 3)__ improvements in the quality of their decision making process.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Dissonance

System

Significant

Discord

Pattern

Ominous

Dissent

Process

Prized

3. The deal was a __(Blank 1)__ to show he had a gift for __(Blank 2)__ after years spent bringing order to __(Blank 3)__ groups of companies lacking strong coordination from the centre.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Chance

Coalition

Different

Platform

Coercion

Diverse

Coincidence

Cohesion

Disparate

4. Ultimately, in the __(Blank 1)__ against global poverty, it is the affected __(Blank 2)__, that have to pull themselves up and out of the __(Blank 3)__ swamp.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Initiative

Countries

Penury

Strike

Provinces

Paupery

War

Regions

Privation

5. The current makeover addresses inferior __(Blank 1)__ of service and __(Blank 2)__, lack of appropriate training, poor time management and __(Blank 3)__ pricing.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Quality

Material

Unrealistic

Pattern

Item

Quixotic

Nature

Product

Improbable

6. Some companies are __(Blank 1)__ on manufacturing industrial equipment in India with the objective of reducing cost and making the country their __(Blank 2)__ hub for __(Blank 3)__ equipment to neighboring countries.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Dependent

Sourcing

Distributing

Keen

Original

Transferring

Relying

Recruiting

Exporting

7. The earliest known Greek __(Blank 1)__ are Mycenaean, written on clay tablets, and __(Blank 2)__ records, but cannot be __(Blank 3)__ literature.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Runics

Document

Labeled

Transcripts

Register

Termed

Writings

Classify

Deemed

8. The Phoenician alphabet, a __(Blank 1)__ of the Semitic alphabet of the Canaanite area was __(Blank 2)__ throughout the Mediterranean world by the traders sailing along the __(Blank 3)__ trade routes.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Genre

Exchanged

Naval

Category

Disseminated

Maritime

Variant

Disbursed

Aquatic

9. A method suggested to enhance __(Blank 1)__ productivity is to build one's __(Blank 2)__ by working to the body's natural bio-rhythm of the __(Blank 3)__ and renewing of energy throughout the day.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Tangible

Power

Expending

Physical

Vigor

Using

Material

Energy

Conserving

10. Aristotle clearly __(Blank 1)__ that the __(Blank 2)__ plot is better than the simple one; in it there is the sudden reversal of situation and the __(Blank 3)__ of the truth.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Indicates

Puzzling

Unveiling

Concedes

Complex

Discovery

Testifies

Difficult

Exposition

11. The __(Blank 1)__ of feminist scholarship and funds for __(Blank 2)__, gave a new __(Blank 3)__ to the new ways of thinking about women.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Fostering

Development

Incentive

Advocacy

Advancement

Stimulant

Patronage

Education

Impetus

12. The __(Blank 1)__ Indian Scriptures __(Blank 2)__ the original dance forms as the manifestation of the __(Blank 3)__ rhythmic energy.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Ancient

Portray

Pristine

Archaic

Depict

Primal

Venerable

Limn

Paramount

13. Freud's work was __(Blank 1)__ by Rousseau's and the widely __(Blank 2)__ notion of hidden, __(Blank 3)__ forces at work in human nature.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Vaunted

Asserted

Mysterious

Influenced

Ubiquitous

Occult

Stimulated

Prevalent

Recondite

14. The corporation's __(Blank 1)__ franchise partner has decided to exit the mass production business and __(Blank 2)__ only on the __(Blank 3)__ brands.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Model

Concentrate

Premium

Prototype

Insist

Popular

Original

Rely

Profitable

15. One __(Blank 1)__ of record breaking skyscrapers is that they can say as much about __(Blank 2)__ as they can about wealth, __(Blank 3)__ and technology.

Blank 1

Blank 2

Blank 3

Notion

Hubris

Ambition

Perception

Haughtiness

Intention

Impression

Arrogance

Purpose

* Only Three blank questions are given here. As per the changed pattern, the other two ways possible are two blank questions and passage type questions.


Universities accepting low GRE scores

The scores stated below against each university are generally required in admission to Electrical and Computer Engineering Department. For the score requirements on other programs kindly visit the university website1. University of Missouri, RollaRequired verbal score: 370+Required quantitative score: 700+Required AWA score: 4.0+2. University of HoustonRequired verbal score: 450+Required